| Phase | Dimension | Symmetry | Key Property | |-------|-----------|----------|---------------| | Quantum Hall (IQHE) | 2D | Broken TRS | Quantized ( \sigma_xy = n e^2/h ) | | Quantum Spin Hall (QSH) | 2D | TRS | Helical edge states | | 3D Topological Insulators | 3D | TRS | Dirac surface states | | Weyl Semimetals | 3D | Broken I or TRS | Chiral anomaly, Fermi arcs |
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