The beginning and the end of faith, Is Christ who is alive; I will not look at my works, For they are full of sin. My garment is righteousness, With which Jesus clothed me; In him I am blessed, Though I am not yet perfect.

Mwanzo na mwisho wa imani, Ni Kristo aliye hai; Sitatazama matendo yangu, Maana yamejaa dhambi. Nguo yangu ni uadilifu, Aliyo nifunika Yesu; Kwake mimi ni mwenye heri, Ingawa si bado kamili.

The phrase “Alinilipa deni langu” (He paid my debt) uses economic language common in evangelical theology. The debt of sin is satisfied not through penance but through the shedding of blood ( katika damu ). This reflects Anselm of Canterbury’s satisfaction theory, filtered through Protestant orthodoxy.

A striking African existential concern is addressed: fear of death as the ultimate enemy. The hymn proclaims “mauti imekufa” (death has died) – a subversive statement that transforms the traditional African worldview of ancestor spirits and the living-dead. Christ’s resurrection is the basis for “uzima” (eternal life), not merely spiritual survival.